Showing posts with label Grammar. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Grammar. Show all posts

Thursday, May 28, 2015

How To Use These Phrases



20 Embarrassing Phrases Even Smart People Misuse

By:     Christina Desmarais

Even reputable websites have been caught screwing up these idioms, which spell check often doesn't find

When you hear someone using grammar incorrectly do you make an assumption about his or her intelligence or education?

There's no doubt that words are powerful things that can leave a lasting impression on those with whom you interact.

In fact, using an idiom incorrectly or screwing up your grammar is akin to walking into a meeting with messy hair.

That's according to Byron Reese, CEO of the venture-backed internet startup Knowingly.

The company recently launched Correctica, a tool that scans websites looking for errors that spell checkers miss.

And the business world is no exception. "When I look for these errors on LinkedIn profiles, they're all over the place--tens of thousands," he says.

Correctica recently scanned a handful of prominent websites and you might be surprised at how many errors it found.

Here is Reese's list of the some of the most commonly misused phrases on the Web.

1. Prostrate cancer
It's an easy misspelling to make--just add an extra r and "prostate cancer" becomes "prostrate cancer," which suggests "a cancer of lying face-down on the ground."

Both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Mayo Clinic websites include this misspelling.

2. First-come, first-serve
This suggests that the first person to arrive has to serve all who follow.

The actual phrase is "first-come, first-served," to indicate that the participants will be served in the order in which they arrive.

Both Harvard and Yale got this one wrong.

3. Sneak peak
A "peak" is a mountain top. A "peek" is a quick look.

The correct expression is "sneak peek," meaning a secret or early look at something.

This error appeared on Oxford University's site as well as that of the National Park Service.

4. Deep-seeded
This should be "deep-seated," to indicate that something is firmly established.

Though "deep-seeded" might seem to make sense, indicating that something is planted deep in the ground, this is not the correct expression.

Correctica found this error on the Washington Post and the White House websites.

5. Extract revenge
To "extract" something is to remove it, like a tooth.

The correct expression is "exact revenge," meaning to achieve revenge.

Both The New York Times and the BBC have made this error.

6. I could care less
"I couldn't care less" is what you would say to express maximum apathy toward a situation.

Basically you're saying, "It's impossible for me to care less about this because I have no more care to give. I've run out of care."

Using the incorrect "I could care less" indicates that "I still have care left to give--would you like some?"

7. Shoe-in
"Shoo-in" is a common idiom that means a sure winner. To "shoo" something is to urge it in a direction.

As you would shoo a fly out of your house, you could also shoo someone toward victory.

The expression started in the early 20th century, relating to horse racing, and broadened to politics soon after. It's easy to see why the "shoe-in" version is so common, as it suggests the door-to-door sales practice of moving a foot into the doorway to make it more difficult for a prospective client to close the door.

But "foot in the door" is an entirely different idiom.

8. Emigrated to
With this one there is no debate. The verb "emigrate" is always used with the preposition "from," whereas immigrate is always used with the preposition "to."

To emigrate is to come from somewhere, and to immigrate is to go to somewhere.

"Jimmy emigrated from Ireland to the United States" means the same thing as "Jimmy immigrated to the United States from Ireland."

It's just a matter of what you're emphasizing--the coming or the going.

9. Slight of hand
"Sleight of hand" is a common phrase in the world of magic and illusion, because "sleight" means dexterity or cunning, usually to deceive.

On the other hand, as a noun, a "slight" is an insult.

10. Honed in
First, it's important to note that this particular expression is hotly debated.

Many references now consider "hone in" an proper alternate version of "home in."

That said, it is still generally accepted that "home in" is the more correct phrase.

To home in on something means to move toward a goal, such as "The missile homed in on its target."

To "hone" means to sharpen. You would say, "I honed my résumé writing skills." But you would likely not say, "The missile honed in on its target."

When followed by the preposition "in," the word "hone" just doesn't make sense.

11. Baited breath
The term "bated" is an adjective meaning suspense. It originated from the verb "abate," meaning to stop or lessen.

Therefore, "to wait with bated breath" essentially means to hold your breath with anticipation.

The verb "bait," on the other hand, means to taunt, often to taunt a predator with its prey.

A fisherman baits his line in hopes of a big catch.

Considering the meaning of the two words, it's clear which is correct, but the word "bated" is mostly obsolete today, leading to ever-increasing mistakes in this expression.

12. Piece of mind
This should be "peace" of mind, meaning calmness and tranquility.

The expression "piece of mind" actually would suggest doling out sections of brain.

13. Wet your appetite
This expression is more often used incorrectly than correctly--56 percent of the time it appears online, it's wrong.

The correct idiom is "whet your appetite." "Whet" means to sharpen or stimulate, so to "whet your appetite" means to awaken your desire for something.

14. For all intensive purposes
The correct phrase is "for all intents and purposes." It originates from English law dating back to the 1500s, which used the phrase "to all intents, constructions, and purposes" to mean "officially" or "effectively."

15. One in the same
"One in the same" would literally mean that the "one" is inside the same thing as itself, which makes no sense at all.

The proper phrase is "one and the same," meaning the same thing or the same person.

For example, "When Melissa was home schooled, her teacher and her mother were one and the same."

16. Make due
When something is due, it is owed.

To "make due" would mean to "make owed," but the phrase to "make do" is short for "to make something do well" or "to make something sufficient." When life gives you lemons, you make do and make lemonade.

17. By in large
The phrase "by and large" was first used in 1706 to mean "in general."

It was a nautical phrase derived from the sailing terms "by" and "large."

While it doesn't have a literal meaning that makes sense, "by and large" is the correct version of this phrase.

18. Do diligence
While it may be easy to surmise that "do diligence" translates to doing something diligently, it does not.

"Due diligence" is a business and legal term that means you will investigate a person or business before signing a contract with them, or before formally engaging in a business deal together.

You should do your due diligence and investigate business deals fully before committing to them.

19. Peaked my interest
To "pique" means to arouse, so the correct phrase here is "piqued my interest," meaning that my interest was awakened.

To say that something "peaked my interest" might suggest that my interest was taken to the highest possible level, but this is not what the idiom is meant to convey.

20. Case and point
The correct phrase in this case is "case in point," which derives its meaning from a dialect of Old French.

While it may not make any logical sense today, it is a fixed idiom.

Worried that poorly functioning spell checkers will make you look bad?

Run things like your résumé, blog posts and the content of important emails through Correctica's "Proof It Free" tool.


Punctuation Marks - The Soul Of Writing


 16 Punctuation Mistakes That Can Make You Look Really Bad

By:     Bill Murphy Jnr.

Words and grammar are important.

But punctuation--that's where the nitpickers are gathered and ready to ambush you.

Your words are your most powerful weapons, and yet it's easy to undermine yourself in written communication by violating some very simple rules of punctuation.

Before I dive deeper into this, a disclosure: I majored in English in college. I've made my living with words for almost two decades.

And I've made a few of these mistakes myself.

There's no easier metaphorical way to shoot yourself in the foot.

We've all scoffed at errors in emails and letters, wondering whether the writer even bothered to proofread. Smart, insightful, clever people can wind up looking a little less than astute.

Here are 16 of the top offenses. (Know some that I missed? Let me know.)

1. Putting a period or comma "outside of a quote".
Almost never do this: "Almost never do this". A period or comma goes inside the quote, "like this." (Although, I've been told, "It's different in England".)

2. Commas and semicolons are not the same thing.
Use a semicolon when you want to link two independent clauses; otherwise, you probably want to use a comma.

3. Putting two spaces after a period is wrong. Like this.
If you're over 40, or maybe even 35, you probably learned to put two spaces after a period.

This is because you probably learned to type on an IBM Selectric or an Apple IIe, or maybe an Atari 2600 with an external keyboard. (Maybe even a Timex Sinclair 1000; I can go all day with these references.)

Bottom line: We don't have to do this anymore. Using two spaces after a period makes you look old.
(Disclosure: Inc.com's system keeps autocorrecting my attempt to put two spaces after a period in the subheading here, so as to demonstrate the incorrect way of doing things. That's how wrong it is.)

4. Never use more than one exclamation point!!!
You'll only exhaust yourself!!!

5. :-)
Emoticons are cute, and they're a good hedge against the tonal imprecision of emails. I probably use them more than I should, but they aren't punctuation.

6. Apostrophe's
There are so many rules here, but in short: Plurals usually don't have apostrophes; possessives often do.

7. It's important to learn the difference between it's and its.
Related to Rule No. 6, but a common enough transgression to deserve its own entry:It's is a contraction of it is. Its, on the other hand, signifies that "it" possesses something.

So preserve its dignity by using its correct possessive form, or else it's not going to look right.

8. Learn where quotes "go."
Very often, they're not needed. There are many websites devoted to documenting this "phenomenon" (sic).

9. Like my teacher once said, Learn to use quotes.
Notwithstanding Rule No. 8, if you're including the exact words someone said, put them in quotes.

If you are paraphrasing, don't use quotes.

10. Also, fragments
A complete sentence needs, at a minimum, a subject and a verb. In the first sentence of this paragraph, the subject is "sentence" and the verb is "needs."
In the second sentence of this paragraph, the subject is "subject" and the verb is "is"; there's also a second clause, in which the subject is "verb" and the verb is "is." (I'm beginning to feel like this example is more confusing than it needs to be.)

11. Don't use run-on sentences because they go on forever and make people think that you don't know the most basic rules of punctuation and also they just aren't much fun to read or to write for that matter.

'Nuff said.

12. Words, phrases, conjunctions
And, but, and or will get you pretty far.

13. That thing when the verb don't agree with the noun
When the noun is singular, the verb should be singular. Same thing with plurals.

14. If you've started using commas and you like them, and you've continued them you need to commit to them.

When I was a reporter at the military newspaper Stars and Stripes, one of my editors said I was addicted to commas, and he was right. Either use them or don't. (Related: missing decimals. $1,000 is not the same thing as $10.00.)

15. Also--and this is important, commas and dashes don't go together.

The short answer here is, pick just one and stick with it.

16. Slavishness.
If the items in this list present you with a "no duh" moment, congratulations.

They no longer apply.

The No. 1 rule of punctuation is that you have to learn the rules in order to have the right to break them.